Pensacola · 2026-11-09

• Upwind on the foils, carry more twist and more cant, with less rudder rake. Race Team's fastest quarter of upwind foiling periods, at the same angle with the wind taken out, ran 22.5 deg of twist against 15.2 in its slowest quarter. It had 2.9 deg of leeward cant against 5.5 (- = more), 3.90 deg of rudder rake against 4.68 and the jib sheet 14 % eased against 24 %, at 42.4 km/h against 33.2. Jake on the wing points the same way: twist 24.6 against 22.4, cant 4.2 against 5.5, rudder rake 4.42 against 4.69. The two quickest Valencia boats upwind at 12.5-15 km/h sat the same side. NZL (Valencia) ran 25.9 deg of twist and SUI (Valencia) 30.8, against 19.7 for Race Team and 22.7 for Jake on the wing. AUS and ESP (Valencia), at 19.3-21.6, were 4-6 km/h of VMG behind NZL. Try 25 deg of twist or more, cant towards 3 and rudder rake under 4 upwind in this breeze.
• Upwind foiling at 12.5-15 km/h we were 3-5 deg lower and 2-3.5 km/h slower than NZL and SUI (Valencia): both at once, so not a trade. Race Team sailed 54.6 deg at 38.0 km/h, for 23.1 km/h of VMG (34 periods). Jake on the wing sailed 52.5 deg at 39.3 km/h (24.0, 34 periods). NZL (Valencia) sailed 49.5 deg at 41.5 km/h (29.0, 11 periods) and SUI (Valencia) 49.9 at 41.4 (27.1, 26). We were level with AUS (Valencia): 54.5 deg at 39.2 km/h (23.4). B15 read about 0.5 km/h less wind than the references in that band, worth about 0.4 km/h of the 4-5 km/h gap. Beside the twist, we carried more leeward rake: 5.4 deg against 4.7 for NZL and 3.5 for SUI.
• Come out of tacks higher: Race Team bore away to 74 deg after a tack, NZL (Valencia) came out at 49. Most tacks on both boats came out in H1 (Race Team 9 of 13 at 12.5-15 km/h, NZL 5 of 6). Inside that same type, Race Team made 15.7 km/h through at an exit TWA of 74 deg and NZL 18.4 at 49 deg. Across all our tacks at 12.5-15, the exit angle goes with VMG through at r = -0.6: lower exits made less. Race Team's best tack came out at 64.5 deg (20.9 km/h through) and its three slowest at 79-96 deg (13.2-14.3). Aim to come out of the tack at 55-65 deg and build speed there, not by bearing away.
• Gybes: settle the new gybe at 115-125 deg rather than heading up to 90. At 12.5-15 km/h Race Team (5 gybes) and Liv driving (5) came out at 92-94 deg and made 20.4 and 20.0 km/h through. Jake on the wing (5) came out at 122 deg and made 25.7, beside NZL (Valencia) at 119.5 deg and 23.7 (12), AUS (Valencia) at 118.5 and 26.1 (15) and ESP (Valencia) at 124 and 28.2 (6). Across our gybes, a deeper exit went with more VMG through (r = +0.75). Five gybes a column is a pointer, not a result. None of our gybes in this band touched down.
• Downwind on the foils we were level with the best Valencia boat; in H1 upwind we sailed 4 deg lower than NZL at the same speed. Downwind at 12.5-15 km/h Race Team sailed 130.9 deg at 43.9 km/h, for 29.5 km/h of VMG (36 periods). ESP (Valencia) sailed 131.4 deg at 45.1 km/h (30.4, 18) and NZL (Valencia) 129.2 at 45.1 (29.7, 26). In H1 upwind at 12.5-15, Race Team sailed 56.9 deg at 22.2 km/h (12.0, 26 periods) against NZL (Valencia) at 53.2 deg and 22.7 km/h (13.6, 16). We had less heel (8.4 deg against 10.1) and a lower windward hull (528 mm against 635). In H1, sail higher with the windward hull up and more heel.

Read these before trusting a gap

• B15's wind read port 11 deg lower TWA than starboard upwind (boat speed equal) and 0.7-1.6 km/h less wind. Balancing the tacks cancels the split in every average, but the absolute TWA can't be checked: B15 sails alone. The boat speed gaps don't depend on it.
• B15's own wind against the Valencia boats' own wind is not calibrated. B15 read 1.5-2.4 km/h above the mark boats on earlier camp days, and the fleet 0.9-3.75 at events.
• The references are fleet days racing and practising; today was free training. Jibs at Valencia: J2 on Friday, J1 on Saturday and Sunday, pooled.
• Every column is above its own bar (95 % of its own median VMG), so this compares better sailing with better sailing, not how often we got there. The Development columns rest on 4-34 periods and 1-8 turns a cell; under 8 periods or 2 turns is a pointer only.

• 10:21:19 (16:21:19 UTC) Race Team: the best tack at 12.5-15 km/h, 20.9 km/h through, out at 64.5 deg and still foiling (lowest hull 694 mm)
• 10:22:08 (16:22:08 UTC) Race Team: 14.3 km/h through, bore away to 96 deg coming out, came out in H1
• 11:07:31 (17:07:31 UTC) Race Team: 19.2 km/h through from 33.5 km/h going in, out at 59 deg in H1
• 12:11:01 (18:11:01 UTC) Jake on the wing: 20.5 km/h through, out at 60 deg
• 11:48:55 (17:48:55 UTC) Jake on the wing: the best gybe at 12.5-15 km/h, 28.5 km/h through, out at 122 deg
• 11:29:55 (17:29:55 UTC) Liv driving: gybe out at 92 deg, 18.9 km/h through
• 11:03:46 (17:03:46 UTC) Race Team: gybe out at 92 deg, lowest 28.4 km/h, 19.5 km/h through
• 11:09:03 (17:09:03 UTC) Race Team: gybe with a hull to 104 mm, came out in H1
• 11:02:59 (17:02:59 UTC) Race Team, gun 1: 4.3 m from the line, crossed 0.9 s after the gun, M1 in 27.4 s, 42.0 km/h towards M1

On the foils at 12.5-15 km/h, Race Team and Jake on the wing were level with AUS (Valencia) and 3-5 km/h of VMG behind NZL and SUI (Valencia). Our periods are banded on both tacks' wind and balanced between tacks (Deep dives).

• Foiling, 12.5-15: Race Team sailed 54.6 deg at 38.0 km/h, for 23.1 km/h of VMG (34 periods). Jake on the wing sailed 52.5 deg at 39.3 km/h (24.0, 34), and Jake on flight control 59.2 deg at 38.3 km/h (20.6, 14). NZL (Valencia) sailed 49.5 deg at 41.5 km/h (29.0), SUI (Valencia), the best boat, 49.9 at 41.4 (27.1), AUS 54.5 at 39.2 (23.4) and ESP 53.4 at 39.8 (25.1). Set-up beside NZL and SUI: less twist (19.7-24.7 deg against 25.9-30.8), more leeward rake (4.8-5.4 against 3.5-4.7), a little more rudder rake (4.4-4.5 against 3.9-4.2) and more windward heel (-2.0 to -2.7 against -0.8 to -2.1). Rotation was the same as NZL and SUI (8.5-9.0 deg) and 2.5 deg less than AUS and ESP. Our ride height was steadier: 53-55 mm of deviation against 65-76.
• Foiling, 10-12.5: Race Team sailed 60.1 deg at 36.0 km/h (18.7, 6 periods) against NZL (Valencia) at 60.8 deg and 40.3 km/h (20.5, 10). Same angle, 4 km/h slower, with 8 deg less twist (19.5 against 27.7).
• H1, 12.5-15: Race Team sailed 56.9 deg at 22.2 km/h (12.0, 26 periods), and Liv driving 64.5 deg at 24.0 km/h (10.7, 4 periods: a pointer). NZL (Valencia) sailed 53.2 deg at 22.7 km/h (13.6, 16) and AUS 53.4 at 20.3 (12.0). Our windward hull flew lower (528 mm against 635-779) with less heel (8.4 deg against 10-11.6) and less twist (9.9 against 12.7-17.2).
• Time on the foils: at 12.5-15 km/h Race Team foiled 59 % of its upwind time, Jake on the wing 81 % and Jake on flight control 89 %. NZL at Valencia foiled 28 % in the same band of its own wind. Read that with the wind calibration in mind.
• H2, 12.5-15: Liv driving sailed 50.3 deg at 16.2 km/h (9.8, 4 periods) against NZL (Valencia) at 43.4 deg and 14.6 km/h (10.4, 12).
• Liv driving and Jake on flight control with Liv sailed almost all their upwind foiling on one tack in each band, so the tack balance leaves them out of those cells; Jake on flight control with Liv has no upwind cell with 3 periods.

Downwind on the foils Race Team was level with the best Valencia boat at 12.5-15 km/h.

• Foiling, 12.5-15: Race Team sailed 130.9 deg at 43.9 km/h, for 29.5 km/h of VMG (36 periods). ESP (Valencia), the best boat, sailed 131.4 deg at 45.1 km/h (30.4, 18), NZL (Valencia) 129.2 at 45.1 (29.7, 26) and AUS (Valencia) 129.3 at 45.5 (29.3, 36). Jake on the wing sailed 131.5 deg at 47.7 km/h (33.2, 10 periods), Jake on flight control 132.3 at 41.8 (29.2, 8) and Liv driving 119.5 at 43.1 (22.4, 6): 13 deg higher than the rest for 7 km/h less VMG. Race Team carried less twist than NZL (12.5 deg against 18.7) and less AWA-E1 (0.9 against 3.2), with a steadier ride height (60 mm of deviation against 101).
• Foiling, 10-12.5: Race Team sailed 125.2 deg at 43.5 km/h (25.2, 14 periods) and Jake on the wing 126.7 at 44.3 (26.8, 16).
• H1, 12.5-15: Race Team sailed 114.7 deg at 27.9 km/h (13.8, 4 periods). No Valencia boat had five periods foiling downwind in this band.
• In Race Team's own downwind sailing, the fast quarter had 19.1 deg of twist against 5.4 in the slow quarter, CA6 less inverted at the top (5.8 against 20.0) and more cant (3.8 against 5.7) (Deep dives).

Start line to M1 only: two of today's six guns gave a reach foiling 90 % of the way. Guns 3 and 4 fell short of that.

• 80-100 deg, 12.5-15 km/h: Race Team, gun 1 (11:02:59), sailed 93.1 deg at 42.3 km/h, for 42.0 km/h towards M1, in 14.3 km/h of wind. ITA (Valencia), the best boat, sailed 86.4 deg at 41.7 km/h (41.6), AUS 93.8 at 37.0 (37.0) and NZL 82.4 at 29.1 (28.8). One reach each: video timestamps, not a level.
• 100-130 deg, 12.5-15 km/h: Liv driving, gun 2 (11:29:00), sailed 106.3 deg at 40.9 km/h (40.7 towards M1). Jake on the wing's guns 5 and 6 (12:06:33 and 12:11:48) passed 40-48 m from M1 and crossed the line 15-16 s after the gun, so their 31.3 km/h towards M1 is not a reach to the mark.

Tacks: we kept our speed better through the turn but came out lower and made 1-3 km/h less through it. Gybes: Jake on the wing matched the Valencia boats; Race Team and Liv driving came out high.

• Tacks at 12.5-15 km/h: Race Team made 15.7 km/h through (13 tacks), Jake on the wing 15.2 (8) and Jake on flight control 13.6 (2). NZL (Valencia) made 18.5 (6), GBR (Valencia), the best tacker, 17.4 (10), ESP 16.5 (4) and AUS 16.2 (9). Race Team went in a little higher than NZL (56 deg against 61), had more speed at the lowest (26.0 km/h against 22.7) and came out at 74 deg against 54. It used more rudder (13.9 deg peak against 11.0).
• Tacks at 10-12.5: Race Team made 16.1 km/h through (5) against NZL (Valencia) at 14.6 (3).
• Gybes at 12.5-15: Jake on the wing made 25.7 km/h through (5) and came out at 122 deg. Race Team made 20.4 (5) and Liv driving 20.0 (5), both coming out at 92-94 deg. ESP (Valencia), the best gybing boat, made 28.2 (6), AUS 26.1 (15) and NZL 23.7 (12), all coming out at 118-124 deg.
• Gybes at 10-12.5: Race Team made 23.6 km/h through (6), with no touchdowns and the lowest hull at 906 mm. NZL (Valencia) made 20.3 (4) with half of them touching down, and ESP 26.4 (4).
• Single turns: Liv driving kept one tack at 10-12.5 and Jake on flight control with Liv one at 12.5-15; they now get a column, but one turn is a video timestamp, not a median.
• Why turns drop out: a tack counts at 65 % of its column's straight-line VMG and a gybe at 70 %. Race Team kept 11 of 19 gybes (the other 8 made 45-68 %), Liv driving 1 of 7 tacks (47-62 %) and Jake on flight control with Liv 1 of 5 tacks.
• Touching down (lowest hull under 100 mm), every tack at 10-17.5 km/h: Race Team 5 of 21, Liv driving 5 of 7, Jake on the wing 3 of 12, Jake on flight control 0 of 4, and Jake on flight control with Liv 4 of 5. At Valencia: NZL 13 of 38, GBR 25 of 43, AUS 17 of 41, ESP 14 of 25.

Reaching takeoffs at 12.5-15 km/h: Race Team got up as quickly as the Valencia boats, but stayed up less often and was slower 10 s later.

• Stayed up: Race Team 11 of 16 attempts, Jake on the wing 7 of 8, Liv driving 4 of 5. NZL (Valencia) 10 of 12, ESP 8 of 10, AUS 7 of 13.
• Getting up: Race Team lifted the leeward hull at 29.2 km/h and 92.5 deg TWA, and had both hulls over 400 mm 2.4 s later. NZL lifted at 27.9 km/h and 97.7 deg (2.7 s), ESP 29.2 at 86.4 (2.7 s) and AUS 30.0 at 95.7 (2.4 s). Jake on the wing took 1.6 s and Liv driving 6.8 s (4 takeoffs).
• 10 s later: Race Team 31.8 km/h and Jake on the wing 32.1, against 33.8-35.4 for the Valencia boats.
• Jib going in: Race Team had the sheet 35 % eased and Jake on the wing 27 %, against 44-46 % for NZL, AUS and ESP. Everyone came in from H1.
• Upwind takeoffs at 12.5-15: Race Team 5 of 8 stayed up and took 5.1 s to fly, against NZL 4 of 7 (4.9 s) and ESP 4 of 7 (2.0 s). The Development columns have 2-4 attempts each: pointers only.

Bands are each boat's own wind, raw: B15 read less wind on port today, so a port takeoff can sit a band low.

Every straight-line takeoff, as on the live training page. T = 0 is the moment the leeward hull lifts above 200 mm, the last time it did before both hulls first passed 400 mm. An attempt needs the leeward hull in the water (under 200 mm) in the 15 s before, the wing set, no tack or gybe from 15 s before to 5 s after and no TWA sign change within 10 s. It stayed up when both hulls are over 400 mm for 95 % of the next 10 s. Medians of the takeoffs that stayed up. The benchmark is every such takeoff by NZL, AUS and ESP at Valencia 4-6 Sep under 17.5 km/h (stayed up: AUS 35; ESP 27; NZL 30). Bands are each boat's own wind, raw. Time series run 10 s before T = 0 to 10 s after; they are drawn in bands where a team took off.

Six practice guns, all on course 26110904, which the boat had loaded for every one. Gun 1 was Race Team, guns 2-4 Liv driving, and guns 5 and 6 Jake on the wing. The boat's frozen start speed read 0 at gun 1; its boat speed at the gun was about 31 km/h.

• Race Team, gun 1 (11:02:59): 4.3 m from the line, crossed 0.9 s after the gun and reached M1 in 27.4 s, the quickest of the day.
• Liv driving, guns 2-4 (11:29:00, 11:32:11, 11:35:41): 62.3, 1.1 and 24.4 m from the line at 27.6-32.7 km/h. Gun 3 was on time (crossed at +1.0 s) but in H1, 27.6 km/h at the gun. M1 came in 30.8-33.8 s.
• Jake on the wing, guns 5 and 6 (12:06:33, 12:11:48): 59.3 and 30.9 m from the line at 32-33 km/h, crossing 15-16 s after the gun and passing 40-48 m from M1.

Roundings are timed at the closest pass of the mark in the course file and only counted within 60 m of it.

The day. B15 sailed on the 27.5 m wing, LAB2 boards and LARW rudders all day (configuration channels 143, 4, 4) with the small jib (J2). There were five on board for Race Team's block and four for the Development blocks.

The references. NZL, the best boat and AUS and ESP at Valencia Fri 4, Sat 5 and Sun 6 Sep, on the identical wing, boards and rudders: the same days as the live training page. Friday was on the J2 and Saturday and Sunday on the J1; the coach pooled them. The best boat is chosen once per point of sail, and per tack and gybe, across today's wind bands: SUI upwind, ESP downwind, GBR on tacks, ESP on gybes. Valencia Sunday was built again this morning, so every reference turn uses the same T = 0 as today.

The columns. Race Team (10:00-11:14), then each Development block on its own: Liv driving (11:17-11:38), Jake on the wing (11:42-12:16), Jake on flight control (12:27-12:46), and Jake on flight control with Liv driving (12:46-13:05). Each column has its own bar.

The rules. Light day (calendar wind under 15 km/h), so the speed gates are 8 km/h. Periods follow the report's rule: not within 10 s of a turn, wing set, not trading speed for angle, at or above the column's own bar in its point of sail, mode and band: 95 % of its median VMG, but 90 % at 12.5-15 km/h and 90 % downwind for Jake on the wing, as on the live page (coach). Then, today only, the same number from each tack. A column shows from 3 periods or 1 turn (5 and 2 on other days), with n always shown. A tack counts at 65 % of its column's straight-line VMG, a gybe at 70 %.

B15 sails alone, so its wind gear can only be checked against itself. In the same few minutes the boat sails the same wind on both tacks, so port and starboard should read alike. Today port read 10.9 deg less TWA than starboard upwind and 2.8 deg less downwind, with boat speed within 1 km/h. Port also read less wind: 0.69 km/h less upwind (225 same-minute pairs) and 1.56 km/h less downwind (145 pairs). The masthead wand stayed at +1.5 all day.

The coach chose to leave the wind raw and handle it two ways:

• Banded on both tacks' wind. Our periods' wind is moved by half the port-minus-starboard split, port up and starboard down, so a minute's wind reads the same on either tack. Without this, port periods sat a band below starboard ones: downwind at 10-12.5 km/h, 50 port periods against 2 starboard.
• Balanced between tacks. In each column, point of sail, mode and band, the tack with more periods keeps its best by VMG, as many as the other tack has. A symmetric split then cancels out of every average. It removed 151 upwind and 57 downwind periods that had cleared their bar. A column that sailed one tack only in a band shows nothing there.

For reference, the per-wand-setting fit used on 8 Nov would move TWA by -5.5 deg upwind and -1.4 downwind (AWA -0.3), taking the upwind split from -10.9 to -0.5 deg. Turns are left as they are: each one has both tacks in it, and T = 0 uses the turn's own mean wind, which cancels the split.

Comparing a team with itself takes the set-up out. Each column's foiling periods, without the speed-for-angle ones and with no bar, split into the fastest and slowest quarter at the same angle, wind taken out, as averages.

Upwind, Race Team's fast quarter had more twist (22.5 deg against 15.2), more leeward cant (2.9 against 5.5), less rudder rake (3.90 against 4.68), a harder jib sheet (14 % eased against 24 %) and more jib sheet load (1,025 kgf against 624). It flew 130 mm higher (1,222 mm against 1,093). Jake on the wing agrees on twist, cant and rudder rake. Downwind, Race Team's fast quarter had 19.1 deg of twist against 5.4, CA6 less inverted (5.8 against 20.0), more cant (3.8 against 5.7) and less rudder rake (3.28 against 3.75). Jake on the wing agrees: 20.2 deg of twist against 13.9, cant 4.2 against 5.8.

Each column's periods above its own bar, with the wind taken out. Upwind, Jake on the wing was 1.0 km/h of VMG ahead of the day's line, Race Team level (+0.1) and Jake on flight control 2.3 behind, at 60 deg against 53-55. Downwind, Jake on the wing was 1.8 ahead and Race Team level (-0.2). Liv driving was 5.3 behind at 119 deg, against 129-132 for the others.

A spell counts when the boat was sailing upwind with the wing set and either both hulls were under 400 mm or a hull was under 200 mm for over 3 s. Race Team had 35 spells (404 s, median 5 s, 17 near a turn) in a median 12.9 km/h of wind. Liv driving had 13 (213 s) and Jake on flight control with Liv 11 (275 s), with median spells of 16.5-21 s: longer spells off the foils than Race Team's, but fewer near turns.

• Wind bands: 2.5 km/h, on each boat's own wind reading corrected by its calibration offset for the day. Offsets (km/h, + = the sensor reads high), from moments boats sailed within 150 m of each other: B15 +0.0.
• Bands are never merged. A band is shown only with at least 5 of our periods and 3 other boats with 5 each; for manoeuvres and roundings, 2 of ours and 3 other boats with 2 each.
• Racing is split by leg (leg 1 = reaching, the final leg left out). Practice is split by wind angle: upwind at or below 75°, downwind at or above 110°.
• Samples: 6 s straight-line periods from the app (upwind, downwind), each the mean of its ~12 half-second readings; 2 s chunks of the steady part of leg 1 (reaching: 10 s after the start to 5 s before mark 1).
• Angle words: higher = closer to the wind (a smaller TWA) and lower = further from it (a bigger TWA), upwind and downwind. Upwind, 50 deg is higher than 52 deg. Downwind, deeper = a bigger TWA, so 140 deg is deeper than 130 deg, and 130 deg is higher.
• Periods: an upwind or downwind period is left out if it starts within 10 s of one of the boat's tacks, gybes, bear-aways or mark roundings (the boat is still accelerating), if the wing is not set (under 15 deg of camber, as on a tow), or if it is trading speed for angle: boat speed falling over 1 km/h inside the 6 s while turning up upwind or bearing away downwind. What is left must be at or above 95 % of that boat's own median VMG in that point of sail, sailing mode and wind band; with teams named, each team has its own bar. The table below shows what each step removed race by race.
• Light day. Periods need at least 8 km/h of boat speed and tacks and gybes at least 8 km/h at the crossing, because the boats sailed and turned in displacement. Foiling and displacement periods are compared separately where it matters.
• Period figures are averages of what clears each boat's bar, so VMG, speed and TWA describe the same periods. They compare better sailing with better sailing, not how often a boat gets there. Manoeuvres, roundings and starts stay medians, because they are few. No figure rests on a single sample. Fleet = the median of the other boats' figures, so each boat counts once. Best boat = the other boat with the best: average VMG (km/h) upwind and downwind, VMC to mark 1 on the reach, VMG through the manoeuvre on tacks and gybes, metres below target on bear-aways, exit speed on roundings, metres at mark 1 on starts. VMG % is against each team's own polar, so it is shown for us but never used to rank boats.
• Targets: SPEED v2 cheatsheet, LAB2 27m with the Small jib and LARW rudders: the sheet's row at the band's lower wind speed (the 30 km/h row for 30-32.5), as written, never interpolated. Clew targets are converted to mm with the sign turned round (- = to windward, as in the data); jib track is converted from sheet angle to jib lead % (0 % = fully inboard). Not compared: jib sheet load (the sheet's units are not kgf yet).
• Phases included: practice, racing. Races left out: none. Crew on board: 5 in the Race Team block (10:00-11:14), then 4. Notes: 27.5 m wing, LAB2, LARW, Small jib (J2) all day. Race Team 10:00-11:14 (five on board); Development, four on board: Liv driving 11:17-11:38, Jake on the wing 11:42-12:16, Jake on flight control 12:27-12:46, Jake on flight control with Liv driving 12:46-13:05. Wind gear left raw (port read about 11 deg lower TWA than starboard upwind and less wind, one masthead wand setting, +1.5); our periods banded on both tacks' wind and balanced between tacks. As the live analysis: our bar 90 % at 12.5-15 km/h and 90 % downwind for Jake on the wing; a column from 3 periods or 1 turn; takeoffs as on the live page..
• Past event days (Valencia 2026-09-04, 2026-09-05, 2026-09-06): every boat follows one rule. Periods trading speed for angle are left out, then a period must be at or above 95 % of that boat's own median VMG in its band, and period figures are averages of what clears that bar. For tacks and gybes, a tack counts when it keeps at least 65 % of its crew's straight-line VMG in the same wind and point of sail, a gybe at least 70 %, the crew being a boat or one of our teams; a fixed standard, not a ranking. They stay medians. Bands are each boat's own sensor. The Deep dives tab has the detail.
• Manoeuvres are free manoeuvres only: anything within 10 s of the start, a mark or the finish belongs to the Mark roundings tab, and anything after the finish is left out. Practice tacks and gybes with an app quality score under 25 are left out (the boat was not trying); racing ones are all kept.
• VMG through the manoeuvre = ground made upwind (tacks) or downwind (gybes) over the app's 25 s window, in km/h - the measure that compares boats directly. Metres lost is the app's ghost-boat figure; each ghost holds that boat's OWN pre-manoeuvre VMG, so a boat that was quicker going in shows more loss for the same turn. For bear-aways it is distance sailed below the boat's target speed over 15 s. Touchdown = lowest hull under 100 mm.
• Reaches are start line to M1 only: the steady part, 10 s after crossing the line to 5 s before M1, straight and foiling, as 2 s samples, with medians of those. Practice sailing at reach angles is left out on purpose: on 6 Nov 2026 it was mostly turns and acceleration, with TWA moving over 3 deg inside 77 % of those periods. A reach is only compared inside one wind band and one TWA range (55-80, 80-100, 100-130 deg), both taken from the whole reach, because speed moves far more with angle than with wind.
• Tracks are GPS, and up the page is always where the wind is coming from. A turn's fixed point, T = 0, is the moment its heading passes through the turn's own mean TWD on a tack, or that + 180 on a gybe; the mean is TWD over 10 s either side of the TWA crossing, as long on each tack, so a wind sensor that reads the two tacks differently cancels. Each turn is drawn to that wind, so it points straight up at T = 0, and the app uses the same T = 0 and wind. Starts and bottom mark roundings use the average TWD of the 60 s either side of the moment, leaving out the 10 s around a turn. Every turn timing in the tables counts from T = 0 too, and a turn's line runs from 8 s before to 10 s after. Turns entered on port are mirrored. A start's line runs from 30 s before the gun to M1, and guns sharing a start line and M1 overlay on one chart. A bottom mark line runs from 7 s before the closest pass to 10 s after, the mark at the centre, on one chart for right turns and one for left, taken from the boat's heading.
• Turn time series share that fixed point as T = 0 and run from 10 s before to 10 s after, longer than the tracks so the board down button shows. VMG is the app's, made good to windward on a tack and downwind on a gybe. Yaw rate and rudder read + into the turn; clew, heel and AWA-E1 are on the exit tack's sign, so + is to leeward coming out. The old hull and board are the ones to leeward going in, the new ones to windward going in. The AoA limiter is the boat's own limit, ANGLE_DB_RAKE_LIM_deg, a rake floor already allowing for pitch. They read the report's 0.5 s data: AWA-E1 is a 1 Hz channel and clew a 2 Hz one. The button marks are the new board's down press and the old board's up press, the moment the 20 Hz board command goes on, which is ahead of the stow states the app reports. The wing invert is the app's, camber 1 passing through zero, moved onto T = 0. Each mark sits on the line at that moment. The dashed trend is a team's median at each moment, like every other manoeuvre figure, and needs two turns with a value there.
• Manoeuvre type is the commonest sailing mode from 9 to 3 s before the crossing and from 8 to 14 s after it: Full Foiling, H2, H1 to H1, Foiling to H1 and so on. Coming out starts at 8 s because the board is still raising until then. Not settled means one end was none of the modes: a hull at 200 to 400 mm, or a board still moving. The filter at the top of the tab only changes which turns are shown and counted; a single turn is never a median, so a column needs two.

What the filters removed